The black axe confraternity, also known as the neoblack. A critical study on the effect of cultism on tertiary. Conceptual clarifications echekwube 1999 traces the origin of the term cultism to the latin word cultus which means worship and is actually associated with the worship of one god or supreme being. Since their meetings and other related activities are done in the hidden and away from nonmembers, their members are thus considered to be in a secrete cult. We have the ikpe cult group, the ogboni fraternity etc in some parts of nigeria. The fundamental problems of cultism are the uncertain. The modern day cultism in nigeria was inspired by the ku klux klan popularly known as kkk. The ku klux klan was a secret cult founded on the 24th of december, 1765 in pulaski, tennessee, usa. Jul 09, 2014 what is common to all cult groups are oath of secrecy, clandestine activities and desperate pursuit of goals and unlawful possession of dangerous weapons. Other effects on society include vandalization, rape. Today, nigeria s biggest and most embarrassing problem facing tertiary institutions is the renewal of the threat and aggressiveness of cult activities. A cult is a group of people, who have a particular belief and religious philosophical andor cultural identity and in most cases, it is viewed as a sect, and can be a secret, and mostly exists on societys margin or sometimes exploitative towards its members. The unabated atrocities of secret cults in the nigerian educational institutions and even in the wider nigerian society continue to take tolls on the lives of young and old nigerians.
Causes, effects and strategies for eradicating cultism. Poverty and cultism in our contemporary society african journals. A secret cult can be defined as an organization of which people come together to pledge their allegiances, under an oath and have a social bond of commitment and dedication for the good of the organization. Coming to nigeria, history traced the origin of cultism in tertiary institution to 1952 at the then university college ibadan when seven students acted as the pioneers. Cushioning the effect of cultism in nigeria tertiary institution with abstract, chapter 15, references and questionnaire. Comprehensive history of cultism in nigeria bscholarly. Raufus and pemede 2000 reported, that the problem of secret cult with its associated problem like killing, extortion, rape, manning, stealing and other social vices. It all started with pyrates confraternity originated by popular nigerian nobel laurette, wole soyinka and 6 others who call themselves magnificent seven back then in the university.
What is known as secret cult in tertiary institutions started at university college, ibadan in 1953. Cultism itself, according to history, started for a good cause, but over time things have changed. The origin of secret cult could be traced back in 1953 in nigeria tertiary institutionuniversity college, ibadan now known as university of ibadan ui. Nobel laureate wole soyinka helped set up university brotherhoods in the 1950s but never imagined what they would become. According to the founder of the group, the group was formed to advocate against the discrimination and oppression of poor and disadvantaged members of the society. Causes, effects and strategies for eradicating cultism among. No wonder, the countless cases of murder, bloodshed, revenge in schools with high cultism rate. A system of religions worship especially one that is expressed in rituals. Secret cult institute of advanced studies ias benin. Cultism, nigerian, institutions, youths and violence. The origin of cultism in nigeria tertiary institutions can be traced back to 1952 when. A brief history of cultism in nigeria, cultism is a major vice which is common in tertiary institutions in nigeria today. Wole soyinka, winner of the 1986 noble prize for literature and a group of six friends formed the pirates confraternity elite of the university college ibadan, then part of the university of london 1.
The origin of cultism in the nigerian universities can be traced to the pyrates confraternity that was founded by the nobel laurete. It was formed by nigeria s only nobel laureate, prof. In nigeria schools, the main reason why people become cultist is to fight those who oppress them, the wicked lecturer, school authorities and the opposite cult members. Origin of cultismsecret societies or cult groups are not alien to african societies including nigeria. Is the state or phenomenon where person are sound together with a common beliefs. Nigerian cults have been known for their fiercely violent nature that has paralyzed academic institution and led to the loss of lives and properties. Pdf menace of cultism in nigerian tertiary institutions. Cultism is a social crime despite that it has become a dread of most higher institutions in nigeria.
Their activities are kept secret thus the name secret cult, and kept away from other members of the society or nonmembers of the group read on ways and how to identify a. Cultism in nigerian schools dates back to when wole soyinka and a group of six freinds formed the pyrate confraternity at the university college, ibadan. Origin of cultism in nigeria cultism can be defined as an enclosed and united group of people bonded by the same belief and course an individual involved in cultism is referred to as a cultist. Wole soyinka, aigimoukhuede, pius oleghe, ralph opara, nat oyelola and prof. It was not until the 1990s that they began spreading to the streets and creeks.
Menace of cultism in nigerian tertiary institutions. In my own term, i will define cultism as any group with its ultimate motive centered. Oct 09, 2017 cultism in nigerian schools dates back to when wole soyinka and a group of six freinds formed the pyrate confraternity at the university college, ibadan. History informed that in the old oyo empire the ogboni fraternity plays some vital role in the kingdom by curtailing the excesses of the power of the alafin. When a parent start telling the child the dangers of being a cultist from childhood, that particular child will live to remember the dangers behind cultism.
The origin of secret cults in institution of higher learning in nigeria is traced to prof. Achebe 1998 sub mits that t here is noth ing wron g with the geographical entit y called. The eradication of cultism in nigeria must start from the house, the parents can go a long way to help the federal government of nigeria to eradicate the menace of cultism. The most essential problem facing tertiary institutions in nigeria is the problem of cultism. Nigeria today is the renewal of the menace and aggressiveness of cult activities. According to opaluwah 2000, what is known as campus cultism in tertiary institutions started at the university college, ibadan, nigeria in 1952. It started out as fraternities, and they were confined within universities campuses with the motive of maintaining law and order on campuses. Pyrates confraternity national association of seadogs. Against this background, the paper tends to critically xray the hindrance to. Let us take a look at the history of cultism in nigeria and how it a. Consequently, despite the open condemnation of cult activities in the institution of higher learning via the instrument of law and administrative sanctions, the battle appears to be lost to cults doctrines practice. Cultism has been a major problem affecting nigeria for close a decade now and we dont need to be told that its perils and scourges are beyond imagination. Aug 23, 2016 infact, cultism is a bye product or an element of one fall to a lower level in moral and socioeconomic order. Nov 17, 2020 cultism began in nigeria in 1957, and its spread knows no bound, as different levels in the nigeria strata.
Wole soyinka,the first captain of the pyrates confraternity formed at university of ibadan in 1952. Mar 12, 2021 cultism is a major vice which is common in tertiary institutions in nigeria today. Unfortunately, in spite of the provision of fiveyear jail term for membership of campus cults, cultism continues to assume a major social menace and a serious obstacle to peace and harmony in many tertiary institutions in nigeria. Today, we are going into the grim underbelly of nigeria s university campuses and the terrifying spectre of a murky underworld of fraternities turned violent. Their activities were targeted towards the ex slaves and those who gave them freedom. In my estimation, this is case of a prophet being honoured in his home town. Let us take a look at cultism in nigeria, the causes, effects, how it all began and solutions to cultism in nigeria. Top 10 cult groups in nigeria and their colours photos. Cultism, however, is caused by various reasons and some of which, are discussed below. The peaceful, and nonviolent confraternity set up then, in the 1980s, metamorphosed into a secret. The menace of cultism in nigerian universities youtube.
Cultism is undeniably one of the social vices setting the hand of the developmental clock of nigeria backwards. They are known as a secret society with obvious leaders or a leader. The existence of cultism and cults in our universities poses continuous threat to life and peaceful coexistence. This video entails the beginning of cultism in nigeria, how it started in 1952 and how it is still operating till today. The emergence of cult activities in tertiary institutions in africa can be traced back to the early 1950s. The group was founded in 1985 and registered with the corporate affairs commission of nigeria as a social charity. One of the main causes of cultism in nigeria is simply the quest to earn power and also social identity among other members of the society, as well as other of their colleagues in school. An appraisal of the security challenges in the center for conflict and gender studies, university of port available received 14 th september abstract cultism has been a serious social problem facing the nigerian society. Apr 04, 2021 cultism in nigeria began as far back as 1952. Recently, the niger delta of nigeria has seen rising cases of cult. Pyrates confraternity is the first secret cult established in nigeria in the year 1952 at the university college, ibadan, now called university of ibadan. This is a book that give a brief detail on the origination of the different.
Introduction campus cult in nigeria have been traced back to 1952 when prof. The first cults originated in the 1950s and were called confraternities. Origin of secret cult in nigerian tertiary educations. Easo country of origin information report nigeria targeting of. Cult according to the longman dictionary of contemporary english is the group of people believing in a particular system of religious worship with its special customs and ceremonies. The origin of cultism was traced to the seadog confraternity a. Cushioning the effect of cultism in nigeria tertiary institution. Origin of campus cults what is known as secret cult in tertiary institutions started at university college, ibadan in 1953. It started out as fraternities, and they were confined within universities. Finally exposed the origin of cultism in nigeria, the. The consolidation of confraternity activities outside nigerian university campuses was boosted by the nationwide renouncement of cultism by university students and the breakdown of traditional campus cults all over the country as a result of amnesty granted to all renounced cultists at the onset of the present democratic government.
Brief history of cultism in nigeria the problem of cultism which has become a household topic in nigeria today has not just started in the past, it was a common thing among the aged. Cushioning the effect of cultism in nigeria tertiary. Wole soyinka was the founder of the sea dogs,that made up of seven students. Recently, the niger delta of nigeria has seen rising cases of cult related killings. Oct 17, 2017 the paper examined the menace of secret cults in the nigerian tertiary institutions. Types of cultism in nigeria and their symbols updated legit. People belonged to different cults like ogboni fraternity, oshugbo guild, or, sanpona, eluku, gelede, agemo and a host of others aroyehun, 2000. A cult is a dangerous and deadly group that believes in the secret, esoteric, mystic and violent practices. This is a book that give a brief detail on the origination of the different existing dreadful cult groups in nigeria, their initiation process and the. This is a book that give a brief detail on the origination of the different existing dreadful cult groups in nigeria, their initiation process and the violent crimes been carried out by them. The historydevelopment of cultism in nigeria tertiary institutions 19542010 ogunade 2002 asserted that secret cults in nigeria higher institutions started as fraternities with the sole aim of maintaining law and order in the campuses. The effect of cultism in nigeria higher institutions. Nigerian students and the challenges posed by these concepts in our society were all xrayed.
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